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Quit Smoking: The Profound Dangers of Smoking and How to Quit

Samuel Mattocks

Updated September 30, 2024
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Smoking causes over 8 million deaths every year. But it is not only people who smoke that die – millions of others die from second-hand smoke. But how does smoking act as such a threat?

Tobacco smoke contains over 7000 chemicals and all or most of them are toxic to the human body. Some are lethal, like carbon monoxide, tar, and oxidizers. These lead to severe health complications such as lung disease, and heart disease, the primary cause of diseases like COPD and heart disease.

Health Risks of Smoking

Smoking is not only bad for the lungs but for almost every other body organ and tissue. It impacts various areas of the body. In this case, we explore various and more serious diseases associated with tobacco smoke. That could manifest immediately, while in others it takes time, minutes, hours or even days.

1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Smoking causes COPD. These diseases produce respiratory conditions, which become chronic with time. There are probably many things you don’t know about COPD. For example, did you know COPD is responsible for 150000 deaths in the USA annually? Almost 80% of these cases can be credited to cigarettes.
COPD-by-Gender-in-US
Image Source: Slideserve 
Smoke destroys the small parts of the lungs needed for breathing. This damage causes coughing and constant wheezing. As COPD progresses, some patients require supplemental oxygen for improved breathing.

Despite the use of oxygen, smoking has an impact on smoothening of airways and continues to worsen lung capacity thus making a person even more restricted in their activities. Additionally, secondhand smoke results in COPD among people who have never smoked, mainly children. Smoke hurts the lungs irreversibly. That is why stopping before there’s actual harm or never starting is the only way to protect your lungs.

2. Skin Damage and Premature Aging

Beyond the lungs, smoking has a profound effect on the skin. Smoke closes up blood vessels near the skin, stopping blood from reaching it. The skin loses oxygen and essential nutrients. As a result, the skin ages fast, with deep wrinkles and a yellowish color. That is why people who smoke often look older than they are.

Why does this happen? The chemicals in the smoke break it down quickly. Oxygen treatments don't help with these damage signs. The only way to slow down this problem is to stop smoking. Looking older on the outside due to this bad habit is just one small part of the damage happening inside the body.

3. Cardiovascular System

Smoking raises the chance of heart problems and stroke. It harms the blood vessels and heart. Chemicals in tobacco smoke cause swelling in the blood vessels. This leads to plaque forming inside them. Less blood gets through the narrowed vessels.

Heart attacks and strokes become more likely. Smokers are also more prone to a condition where blood flow to the arms or legs weakens (due to peripheral artery disease), which can lead to amputation in severe cases.

Smoking cuts oxygen to the heart. In this situation, blood becomes thicker, raising the possibility of clots forming. Smokers using oxygen therapy for lung problems still face severe damage to the heart and vessels. However, quitting smoking right away lowers these risks. That allows the body to start fixing the damaged blood vessels slowly.

4. Impact on the Immune System

smoke-impact-on-the immune-system
Image Source: CNN
The chemicals in cigarette smoke damage the body and it is harder for smokers to fight off diseases, so when they do get a common disease such as pneumonia or the flu, their symptoms will be even worse. Healing takes longer for those who smoke compared to others who don’t.

Another problem is that smoking lowers essential defenders in the blood, like Vitamin C. These defenders help protect the body from dangerous things. With fewer defenders, smokers often suffer from long-lasting sickness and swelling. Those with other health problems like COPD get hit even harder by smoking and may get worse even if they receive oxygen treatment.

5. Effects on Pregnancy and Child Development

Tobacco smoke fills the unborn child with harmful stuff, which hurts growth. Smoking while pregnant raises the chance of losing the baby or early birth. Babies may also be born too soon or too small.

One big problem smoking causes is poor lung growth in the baby. This might lead to breathing problems like COPD when the child gets older. Besides messing with the lungs, smoking may cause birth problems like cleft lip. It also risks brain issues or slows the child's learning and growth.

6. Oral Health

The effect of smoking on oral health is severe and multifaceted. It causes serious gum problems like periodontitis. People who smoke are twice as likely to get these gum issues as people who do not. Their gums also get worse faster.

Smoking also raises the risk of mouth cancers like those in the throat or tongue. The harmful stuff in cigarettes hurts the soft parts inside the mouth. This damage may lead to dangerous lumps or tumors. Once these cancers start growing, nothing like oxygen therapy stops them. Quitting smoking is probably the best way not to get them in the first place.

Steps to Quit Smoking

Some of the inconveniences are very difficult but the gains are way much easier than the costs. The people with such chronic issues like COPD or those who require oxygen therapy feel way better and live longer when they quit. Some good ways to stop smoking are shared below.

1. Pick a Day to Stop and Get Ready in Your Mind

The first thing to do is choose to quit. Decide the day to stop and start getting ready in your head. Quitting smoking is not a physical process, it is altering the way in which a person’s mind works and how he reacts. Smokers believe they need to continue smoking as they believe it helps them reduce stress by speaking to others or being busy. Do these ideas work on you in the sense that they influence the ways you approach habits?

2. Nicotine Replacement Therapy

NRT as it acronyms for is the most widely used method of quitting smoking. NRT reduces withdrawal symptoms and helps provide control over the desires or need to use a substance. NRT options are nicotine gum patches, lozenges and inhalers. These products give a certain amount of nicotine to help move away from smoking without the dangerous stuff in cigarettes. This lowers withdrawal feelings while stopping the habit of smoking.

People on oxygen therapy for COPD or other breathing problems find NRT helpful. It lowers the pressure on the lungs already hurt and helps the body get better by reducing cigarette damage. Studies show people using NRT usually quit smoking more easily compared to those who try to stop suddenly.

3. Prescription Medications

Drugs like varenicline (Chantix) and bupropion (Zyban) are also available to help reduce strong urges and lower nicotine addiction. They block certain parts of the brain that respond to nicotine. This action lowers the enjoyable feelings of smoking.

People with COPD might benefit from these drugs under a doctor's care. Lung damage from smoking cannot be undone. Even oxygen treatment cannot fix it. But stopping smoking early with the help of these drugs probably slows down illnesses like COPD. Why risk more damage by not acting now?

4. Behavioral Therapy and Support Groups

Along with using medicine, therapy plays a significant role in staying smoke-free for a long time. This kind of therapy helps people see why they want to smoke, find ways to handle these feelings, and keep pushing forward while quitting. A special type of therapy called Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) works well to help smokers stop the thinking patterns linked to smoking.

Groups where people support each other are also significant. Quitting can make certain people feel lonely thus keeping the company of other individuals who are also quitting. Regardless whether you have found some people offline or on the Internet, being in a group with people who have a similar goal lets you know that you are not alone and helps to stay motivated.

5. Emphasis on Long Term Gains on Health

Stopping smoking is hard at first, but long-term good health is essential. In just 12 hours after quitting, carbon monoxide in your blood drops to normal levels. After a few weeks, breathing becomes easier, and your lungs begin to get better. You probably won’t need as much help with oxygen if you have lung problems. After one year, your chance of heart disease is half as much as before. In five years, there’s much less risk of having a stroke.

Smoking harms your body a lot. But no matter when you quit, it still helps fix that damage. You get more energy, look better, and live longer. Why not focus on these reasons to keep yourself going?

Conclusion

Smoking hurts your health. This substance damages your lungs, heart, and skin, and also suppresses your immune system. If the damage is not visible you get more prone to severe illnesses including COPD, heart disease, and cancer. Even if you already have health issues and use oxygen therapy, quitting smoking could help you live better and slow down your illness.

There’s good news though. It’s never too late to stop. Whether you've smoked for a few years or for a long time your body starts getting better the moment you quit. It also means that after as little as a few weeks your lungs get stronger and things such as heart attacks and strokes occur at a lesser rate.

It might well be one of the most positive actions, which any person could take for himself or herself. The program lets you correct some of the circumstances that smoking might have created and regain control over your life. Isn’t now the right moment to try? With some tools and help you can probably stop for good.

References

1. Ash. (n.d.). How smoking affects the way you look - ASH. ASH. 
2. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). Smoking - effects on your body. Better Health Channel.
3. Dresden, D. (2023, February 15). 13 ways smoking affects the body. 
4. Laniado-Laborín, R. (2009). Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Parallel epidemics of the 21st century. In National Library of Medicine. 
5. Smoking and COPD. (2024, May 17). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 
As the co-founder of ReadyO₂ and a highly educated expert in respiratory care, Samuel Mattocks brings over ten years of experience to the blog. He works closely with top respiratory therapists to provide clear, actionable information on oxygen therapy and respiratory care. He is committed to educating readers about respiratory health, covering topics such as the management of COPD, asthma, and other lung diseases. His clear, concise writing style helps demystify complex medical concepts, empowering patients to take control of their health and make informed choices.

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