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Understanding the Flu and How to Protect Yourself
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Samuel Mattocks
Updated June 18, 2025

Understanding the Flu and How to Protect Yourself

Learn about the flu season 2025 and how to protect yourself and loved ones. Discover trends and updates so you can stay safe.
Product Specialist: Emma Clark
Clinical Applications Specialist: Dr. James Bennett

Unlike a mild cold, the flu can come fast. One day, you feel great, and the next moment, you could be lying in bed with a high temperature and feeling achy everywhere. To be honest, having a little knowledge about the flu can change whether you battle it or not for a long time..

In this article, we’ll explain exactly what the flu is and why it deserves our attention. You’ll also learn how flu vaccines actually protect you, and how to spot flu symptoms. Whether you’re a busy parent, a student, or simply someone who wants to stay well, read on to learn practical, easy-to-follow advice that can help keep you safe this flu season.

About the Flu: What It Is and Why It Matters

Many people get the flu every single year. The healing process can take just a few days for some. Some of them even end up in hospitals or suffer even severe outcomes. That's why knowing about the flu protects you. It also protects those around you and potentially saves their life.

The flu is an illness that people can get by breathing in the virus. The disease occurs due to the influenza virus. Both Type A and Type B are the main types that can make people sick. Usually, these viruses travel by getting in your system when someone coughs, sneezes or simply breathes. Getting flu easily from someone around you is possible when they have the flu. Getting the virus from an infected doorknob or phone and then touching your face gives you a chance to get the flu.

types-of-flu

Once you have the flu, it appears quickly and knocks you out with fever, aches and extreme tiredness. For most people, the flu is manageable. However, the illness burden ranges in the United States each year between 9 million and 41 million, with an estimated loss of 12,000-52,000 lives, according to the CDC.

Why does that matter? Because even if you're healthy, you could spread it to someone who isn't. And for those folks, the consequences can be deadly.

Who Is at Higher Risk of Flu Complications

Most people will recover within just a week or so, although for others, the flu might worsen into more severe health complications. This set of individuals should be more careful and keep certain rules in mind :

  • Adults aged 65 and above
  • Children aged below 5, especially under 2
  • Pregnant Individuals
  • Chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease
  • Immunocompromised patients

Additional protection is important for these groups because they have a greater chance of needing hospitalization, pneumonia or even dying. This also requires immunization in the early stages, keeping hands clean and seeing a doctor as soon as flu-like symptoms show up.

Trends and Updates (2024–2025)

The flu season does not come in at one time. It creeps in during fall, picks up pace mostly by October, and peaks somewhere between December and February. Some years, it stays until the early spring. Although the 2024-2025 flu season is active, it’s not very surprising. 

This year, H1N1 and H3N2 are the two most common strains which are different subtypes of Influenza A. In the past, people over the age of 65 suffering from H3N2 often caught the most severe form of the disease. Certain regions are also reporting Influenza B which mainly affects children but may still send anyone to the hospital. 

The correspondence between the vaccine and strains of influenza is looking good. Each year, the CDC modifies the flu vaccine according to what strains are expected to be found during the upcoming season. It is looking like this year’s immunization provides a suitable fit for both H1N1 and the other strains. People who are vaccinated can feel safer, since the chances of severe diseases are reduced. 

Once again, we are at risk of a tripledemic caused by the fast-spreading flu, COVID-19, and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus). The comorbidity could severely affect hospitals and clinics when a patient is infected by several viruses at once. Coinfections are no longer an academic interest; some states have actually begun reporting cases.

What does this mean for you? It means that we should not consider just one solution. Flu vaccines, COVID boosters, and RSV protection (where applicable, such as in infants and older adults) are all in place to support healthy communities.

Preventing the Flu

prevent-colds-&-flu

When it comes to flu protection, the best measure is to get a flu shot. Yet, maintaining some daily habits drastically lessens the chances of spreading the flu virus (or any other viruses). Here is what helps:

  • Always wash your hands with soap and water. In case you can’t use soap, use a hand sanitizer, but be certain it contains a minimum of 60% alcohol.
  • Always cover your sneezes and coughs. Use a tissue and dispose of it. If there is no tissue, sneeze or cough into the inside of your elbow.
  • Stay home when sick. While it can be difficult at times, spreading the virus among those healthy enough to come to work is just that much more contributory.
  • Disinfect surfaces that are touched often, such as doorknobs, light switches, phones, and keyboards; so people forget to clean them from time to time.
  • Wearing a mask in indoor crowded places; the extra measure becomes more significant during peak flu season or around vulnerable individuals.

Bottom line: Self-protection is protection for others. These small choices help to slow down the flu, keep vulnerable people safe, and ease the load on hospitals.

Conclusion

Flu may feel familiar, but it does not mean it is harmless. Millions are admitted to hospitals with the flu, and quite unfortunately, several become fatal cases. Thankfully, however, we are not powerless. Understanding how it spreads, knowing the modes of transmission, and knowing who is at high risk means keeping up with what is out there. The more informed we are, the better protection we afford ourselves and each other.

In particular, this season where the flu is joined by COVID-19 and RSV will be the wiser to stay alert and take precautions. Everybody's contributions matter, whether you are caring for a young child, looking after an elderly parent, or just trying to survive soundly.

References

  1. About estimated flu burden. (2024, November 13). Flu Burden.
  2. Allen, J. D., & Ross, T. M. (2018). H3N2 influenza viruses in humans: Viral mechanisms, evolution, and evaluation. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 14(8), 1840–1847.
  3. Center, C. M. (2024, January 5). Rise of the tripledemic. Rise of the Tripledemic.
  4. Healthy habits to prevent flu. (2024a, August 20). Influenza (Flu).
  5. Healthy habits to prevent flu. (2024b, August 20). Influenza (Flu).
  6. LeBrun, N. (2023, December 30). Differences and similarities between influenza A and influenza B. Verywell Health.
  7. MacMillan, C. (2023, January 12).  ‘Tripledemic:’ What happens when flu, RSV, and COVID-19 cases collide? Yale Medicine.
  8. Seladi-Schulman, J., PhD. (2024, July 23). How are influenza A and B different? Healthline.
  9. Wikipedia contributors. (2025, May 27). Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 - Wikipedia
As the co-founder of ReadyO₂ and a highly educated expert in respiratory care, Samuel Mattocks brings over ten years of experience to the blog. He works closely with top respiratory therapists to provide clear, actionable information on oxygen therapy and respiratory care. He is committed to educating readers about respiratory health, covering topics such as the management of COPD, asthma, and other lung diseases. His clear, concise writing style helps demystify complex medical concepts, empowering patients to take control of their health and make informed choices.

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